Green opposes underfunding public schools and charter school expansion, advocates for desegregation, reform of specialized high schools, smaller class sizes, and equitable funding. She authored a resolution supporting the New Deal for Higher Education to fully fund CUNY and SUNY and make public colleges free.

Green advocates for increasing the housing supply, establishing a Social Housing Development Authority, passing the Tenant Opportunity to Purchase Act, increasing federal funding for NYCHA, and supporting the REST Act to stabilize and regulate housing units. She is a tenant herself and emphasizes tenant protections.

Green describes Israel's actions as genocide and apartheid, calls for a ceasefire, supports the Not On Our Dime Act to divest New York State from Israel, and opposes state funding of Israeli settlement expansion and violence against Palestinians. She was one of the first New York Democratic Party officials to call for a ceasefire in Gaza.

Green supports professionalizing the NYS Board of Elections, reforming the Democratic Party, fixing the judicial selection process, introducing ranked choice voting, preserving public campaign financing, and advancing the Democracy Preservation Act and Democracy During Detention Act. She also supports emergency protective measures against federal overreach, such as A9347/S8533 and the New York Civil Rights Act.

Green supports the New York Health Act for universal healthcare coverage and the Coverage for All Act to extend coverage regardless of immigration status. She also commits to protecting reproductive health care access. She cites her personal experience with Hodgkin's Lymphoma as motivation.

Green supports the New York for All Act, Coverage for All Act, Dignity not Detention Act, Access to Representation Act, and Building Up Immigrant Legal Defense Act. She advocates for ICE watch, immigration court watch, Know Your Rights canvasses, and abolition of ICE nationally.

Green supports the Lorena Borjas Transgender and Non-Binary Wellness and Equity Fund, an LGBTQIA+ inclusive curriculum in public schools, and defends gender-affirming care for trans youth. She participates in public demonstrations for LGBTQIA+ rights.

Lydia Green supports taxing the wealthy and corporations to fund government programs, universal childcare, and higher education. She has organized for this since 2020 and made it a cornerstone of her campaign.